A Discrepancy between Calculation and Measurement of Submarine Illumination.

نویسنده

  • E M Kampa
چکیده

SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY,* UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LA JOLLA, CALIFORNIA Communicated by Carl L. Hubbs, August 5, 1955 An investigation of the behavior of the sonic-scattering layer in the region of the San Diego Trough has proved that it is closely associated with the degree of submarine illumination.' This finding could not have been predicted by extrapolating from light measurements made in surface layers in this area. Such measurements were made by Richardson2 with a sodium-vacuum phototube at midday in August, 1930 (Fig. 1, broken line). Extrapolation from these data would yield values of light intensity indicated by the open circles in Figure 1.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Calculation Submarine Hydrodynamic Coefficient by Hybrid Method

Increase in the accuracy of hydrodynamic coefficient calculation cause to increase in the prediction of vessel maneuvering ability. Different methods of determining hydrodynamic coefficients will be effective in determining the accuracy of coefficients, especially in numerical simulation. In this paper, we do planar motion mechanism (PMM) test, oblique towing test, and rotating arm test simulat...

متن کامل

The Fast Calculation of Form Factors Using Low Discrepancy Sequences

The calculation of form factors is an important problem in computing the global illumination in the radiosity setting. Closed form solutions often are only available for objects without obstruction and are very hard to calculate. Using Monte Carlo integration and ray tracing provides a fast and elegant tool for the estimation of the form factors. In this paper we show, that using deterministic ...

متن کامل

Calculation and Analysis of Reliability with Consideration of Common Cause Failures (CCF) (Case Study: The Input of the Dynamic Positioning System of a Submarine)

Abstract The reliability and safety of any system is the most important qualitative characteristic of a system. This qualitative characteristic is of particular importance in systems whose functions are under various stresses, such as high temperature, high speed, high pressure, etc. A considerable point, which is rarely taken into account when calculating the reliability and safety of syst...

متن کامل

Calculation of airkerma conversion factor to personal dose equivalent at various depths using the Monte Carlo Code GATE

Several studies have been done with the aim of improving the quality of the radiation protection measurement in radiology and nuclear medicine. Among  different subjects which are capable to be considered in this area, the measurement of the operational quantities of protection against the radiation ,such as, personal dose equivalent ,HP(d), at different depths (d=0.07mm, 3mm, 10mm) is an impor...

متن کامل

Performance Analysis on the Target Detection of Linear Camera of CCD Vertical Target Coordinate Measurement System

Based on the principle of CCD vertical target measurement system, this article researched the factors of the CCD camera that affects the target detection performance , including CCD sensitivity and exposure, background illumination and target illumination, CCD distinguish ability, contrast between background and objectives and gave the relevant calculation methods. Through theoretical analysis,...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

دوره 41 11  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1955